The built in windows command FindStr mirrors the capabilities of the Unix command Grep.

Findstr /? FINDSTR [/B] [/E] [/L] [/R] [/S] [/I] [...]]]> Something that I have needed for a while while working with Windows.  Most of the systems I have include cygwin so  until now I had not really needed a windows grep equivalent.

The built in windows command FindStr mirrors the capabilities of the Unix command Grep.

Findstr /?
FINDSTR [/B] [/E] [/L] [/R] [/S] [/I] [/X] [/V] [/N] [/M] [/O] [/P] [/F:file]
[/C:string] [/G:file] [/D:dir list] [/A:color attributes] [/OFF[LINE]]
strings [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]]
/B         Matches pattern if at the beginning of a line.
/E         Matches pattern if at the end of a line.
/L         Uses search strings literally.
/R         Uses search strings as regular expressions.
/S         Searches for matching files in the current directory and all
subdirectories.
/I         Specifies that the search is not to be case-sensitive.
/X         Prints lines that match exactly.
/V         Prints only lines that do not contain a match.
/N         Prints the line number before each line that matches.
 /M         Prints only the filename if a file contains a match.  Same as “grep -l”
/O         Prints character offset before each matching line.
/P         Skip files with non-printable characters.
/OFF[LINE] Do not skip files with offline attribute set.
/A:attr    Specifies color attribute with two hex digits. See “color /?”
/F:file    Reads file list from the specified file(/ stands for console).
/C:string  Uses specified string as a literal search string.
/G:file    Gets search strings from the specified file(/ stands for console).
/D:dir     Search a semicolon delimited list of directories
strings    Text to be searched for.
[drive:][path]filename Specifies a file or files to search.

Example of using Findstr to search for multiple strings in succession within a log file.
findstr “ERROR Caused Fail” c:logslog.log

This command will search for the String ERROR then Caused, and Fail while parsing down a file. So if the file looked like this:
Line1: Error Script Failed
Line2: test1
Line4: Caused by process down
Line5: test2
Line6: Error2

The FindStr output would look like this:
Error Script Failed
Caused by Process down
Error2

I had troubles getting SSHD to run on the system and as with SSH it ended up being dumb file and/or directory permissions.

There Word, Excel, and Powerpoint from Micro$soft that are usually very expensive.

There is also money management software, project planning software, and graphic software.

Well there is a solution for small [...]]]> There is a ton of software a new business sometimes feels that they must purchase right when they are starting off a new business.

There Word, Excel, and Powerpoint from Micro$soft that are usually very expensive.

There is also money management software, project planning software, and graphic software.

Well there is a solution for small businesses that are starting out is to use Open Source Software.
There is a great web site that lists all of the commercial software along with it’s Open Source Alternative.
Check out Open Source Alternatives web site.

They will show you stuff like
Expensive App             Free Apps
Photoshop                   The GIMP
VISIO                         DIA
MS Office                    Open Office
Illustrator, CorelDraw  Inkscape
Quickbooks                 Postbooks

There are many more and almost every big commercial application now has an Open Source alternative.  It is possible that you may need to be running Linux for some of these, but Ubuntu has become as easy to use as Windows or a Mac.

I found another Blog posting about 50 top applications and their alternatives.
The post was made early in 2008 so the software most likely has gotten even better since then.

Check out http://whdb.com/2008/the-top-50-proprietary-programs-that-drive-you-crazy-and-their-open-source-alternatives/

The script works by pulling the latest data and database backup from the production server.  The script can be placed in a cron. The DR server [...]]]> Here is a script I wrote to keep 2 or more web sites in sync.  The data files can be anything under the data tree.
The database is MySQL.

The script works by pulling the latest data and database backup from the production server.  The script can be placed in a cron.
The DR server user should be able to ssh without a password to the production server.  This is accomplished using RSA keys under SSH.

Once both the web site and database are setup, this script pulls the newest files, and latest mysql database backup via rsync.

Change the First set of VARIABLES, and <usernames> and <pathing> where needed.

I should probably have more information on the script here, but I wanted to save a copy somewhere before I forgot about it.

Anyway, my thought is if I setup a primary web server somewhere and want n+1 backend systems I might be able to use this poor-man’s approach.  If the backed systems need to have database updates then you are looking at database replication.  But, the rsync file copy and all of the rest could be used to make web server production updates to a cluster of systems.  You just update the main instance and all of the slave servers pull the latest information, including a database update script if needed., unix, script

#!/bin/ksh -x

#######################################
#
# Script to sync Prod web with DR server.
# The script is designed to pull from the
# production server.
#
# 12/2008:  Initial setup.
#        :  Mike Byers
#######################################

PRIME_HOST=’prod.edmz.com’                  #Production host
DR_HOST=’dr-orprod2.edmz.com’              #DR server
DATABASES=”mysql DB1 DB2″                  #database to transfer space sepa
rated
#MYSQLUSER=backup                               #User for database backup
MYSQLUSER=restore                                  #User for database restore
#MYSQLPWD=’ABC123′                             #Backup user Password
MYSQLPWD=’ABC123′                               #Restore user Password (Restore user needs more DB permissions)
DB_PATH=’/opt/mysql5/backups’                 #Path to database backup files
#YESTERDAY=`date +%Y%m%d -d”1 day ago”`         #Linux Version
YESTERDAY=`TZ=GMT+24 date +%Y%m%d`              #Solaris Version
TODAY=`date +%Y%m%d`
PATH=$PATH:/opt/mysql5/bin/;export PATH  #Path to mysql binaries

/usr/bin/rsync –exclude ‘configuration.*’ \
–exclude ‘**/logs’ \
–exclude ‘**/modules’ \
–exclude ‘**/conf’ \
–exclude ‘**/bin’ \
-vaue ‘ssh -x -C -l <username>’ $PRIME_HOST:apache/htdocs/* /<path>/apache/htdocs/

for DB in $DATABASES
do
/usr/bin/rsync -vaue ‘ssh -x -C -l <username>’ $PRIME_HOST:$DB_PATH/$DB-$TODAY.sql.
gz $DB_PATH
#Compare sizes of database backup files to see if anything changed
S1=`du -sk $DB_PATH/$DB-$YESTERDAY.sql.gz | awk ‘{ print $1 }’`
S2=`du -sk $DB_PATH/$DB-$TODAY.sql.gz | awk ‘{ print $1 }’`
if [[ S1 -eq S2 ]]; then
echo “No update for database $DB needed”
else
/bin/gunzip < $DB_PATH/$DB-$TODAY.sql.gz | mysql -u $MYSQLUSER -p$MYSQLPWD
$DB
fi
done

# fuser -uck /you

Find all the processes running under the mount point /you and kill them all ungracefully.

About as much fun to read as

# sort -n ass | uniq -c

Unix can tell you all.

Login and type /bin/csh then type the [...]]]> Handy command for those users that are most annoying.

# fuser -uck /you

Find all the processes running under the mount point /you and kill them all ungracefully.

About as much fun to read as

# sort -n ass | uniq -c

Unix can tell you all.

Login and type /bin/csh then type the following questions.

% “How would you rate Bush’s stupidity?
> Unmatched ”

% [But Where is his brain?
> Missing ]

% man: Why can they stop this war?
> man:: Too many arguments

I need a really tricky find command the other day so I came up with the following.  I wanted to save the command some where as it really shows the power of find

Find all files that are not [...]]]> A thread dedicated to those useful Unix commands we all know and love.  Ya right.

I need a really tricky find command the other day so I came up with the following.  I wanted to save the command some where as it really shows the power of find

Find all files that are not in the images or languages directory that are older than seven days that end with .php or .doc and delete them also leave a log file of what was deleted.

find ./  \( -name images -o -name languages \) -prune -o \( -name ‘*.php’ -o -name ‘*.doc’ \) -mtime +7 -exec rm {} \; -print > /var/tmp/deleted_files

Sorry the command is all on one line.  Because the find statement is utilizing regular expressions and complex statements, ie “\(“, so you can’t use the “\” and take the statement to the next line.

To read the command better take it one step at a time.
Find all files or directories that have the name “images” OR the name “languages” and prune/remove those items found from the find results.   Using the -prune option is a great way to setup exclusions.  The next “-o” OR says if the files found are not named “images” or “languages” find the files that end in “.php” or “.doc” that are older than 7 days.  If anything is found that meets the conditions then remove those files and “print” the file name out to the log file.

This set of commands was to be used to change directory names inside a samba share, hense the directory names of \ and the unix escape needed making a bunch of [...]]]> I just helped a friend out with placing a shell variable into a sed command and thought it would be prudent to document it.

This set of commands was to be used to change directory names inside a samba share, hense the directory names of \ and the unix escape needed making a bunch of \\ appear.

server_name#  DIR=”blahblah”
server_name#  echo “bob” | sed “s/^/${DIR}\\\ADMIND__${DIR}\\\/”
blahblah\ADMIND__blahblah\bob

Set the variable DIR to “blahblah”, I should have just used “foo” it’s less to type.  Now echo the word “bob” but first add our variable and a prefix of “ADMIND__” to the front of bob.

I wanted to show another example, but don’t have time at the momment.

The important things to remember is to have the variables enclosed in double quotes.

This is typically due to something being echo’d or sent back to your login attempt.

Usually, it’s something you have in your .profile or .bashrc login files.

Just add the [...]]]> If you have ever used scp or sftp you may have encountered the dreaded ( ”Received message too long” or “Bad packet length” ”) errors.

This is typically due to something being echo’d or sent back to your login attempt.

Usually, it’s something you have in your .profile or .bashrc login files.

Just add the following to the very top of your login shell settings file.

if [ ${TERM} == "dumb" ]; then
return
fi

This will exit out of running the login shell commands if you login using a “dumb” terminal.

Sorry there isn’t much in the way of comments or coloring.  It was just copied from the terminal window.  The procedure below does create the ZFS filesystem, clone it, move [...]]]> Procedure to add a new ZFS pool to a system, copy the data from an old pool, switch the mounts and remove the old pool.

Sorry there isn’t much in the way of comments or coloring.  It was just copied from the terminal window.  The procedure below does create the ZFS filesystem, clone it, move it, then deletes the old ZFS information.

The procedure uses disks mapped from and EMC array.  The reason it was needed is that a new EMC was introduced so the data needed to be copied from the old EMC to the new EMC disks, and the old EMC disks needed to be disconnected.

The procedure will walk through creating a volume, adding data to it, cloning it, swapping volumes, and deleting the original.

nj11mhf0016$ sudo zpool create -f -m /testa testz1 emcpower1a
nj11mhf0016$ sudo zpool create -f -m /testb testz2 emcpower2a

nj11mhf0016$ zpool list
NAME                    SIZE    USED   AVAIL    CAP  HEALTH     ALTROOT
testz1                  101G     94K    101G     0%  ONLINE     -
testz2                  101G     94K    101G     0%  ONLINE     -

nj11mhf0016$ df -k
Filesystem            kbytes    used   avail capacity  Mounted on
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0    108126717 6000499 101044951     6%    /
/devices                   0       0       0     0%    /devices
ctfs                       0       0       0     0%    /system/contract
proc                       0       0       0     0%    /proc
mnttab                     0       0       0     0%    /etc/mnttab
swap                 61207120    1024 61206096     1%    /etc/svc/volatile
objfs                      0       0       0     0%    /system/object
fd                         0       0       0     0%    /dev/fd
swap                 61206096       0 61206096     0%    /tmp
swap                 61206152      56 61206096     1%    /var/run
testz1               104251392      24 104251301     1%    /testa
testz2               104251392      24 104251301     1%    /testb

nj11mhf0016$ sudo zfs create -o quota=24G testz1/data
nj11mhf0016$ sudo zfs create -o quota=24G testz2/data

nj11mhf0016$ df -k
Filesystem            kbytes    used   avail capacity  Mounted on
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0    108126717 6000499 101044951     6%    /
/devices                   0       0       0     0%    /devices
ctfs                       0       0       0     0%    /system/contract
proc                       0       0       0     0%    /proc
mnttab                     0       0       0     0%    /etc/mnttab
swap                 61207072    1024 61206048     1%    /etc/svc/volatile
objfs                      0       0       0     0%    /system/object
fd                         0       0       0     0%    /dev/fd
swap                 61206048       0 61206048     0%    /tmp
swap                 61206104      56 61206048     1%    /var/run
testz1               104251392      25 104251271     1%    /testa
testz2               104251392      24 104251272     1%    /testb
testz1/data          25165824      24 25165799     1%    /testa/data
testz2/data          25165824      24 25165799     1%    /testb/data

# Copy in some data for testing
sudo rsync -qa -H /var /testa/data/

# Make a few test changes and copy the data to the 2nd mount point.
sudo rsync -qa -H /testa/data/* /testb/data/

nj11mhf0016$ df -k
Filesystem            kbytes    used   avail capacity  Mounted on
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0    108126717 6000548 101044902     6%    /
/devices                   0       0       0     0%    /devices
ctfs                       0       0       0     0%    /system/contract
proc                       0       0       0     0%    /proc
mnttab                     0       0       0     0%    /etc/mnttab
swap                 52008488    1024 52007464     1%    /etc/svc/volatile
objfs                      0       0       0     0%    /system/object
fd                         0       0       0     0%    /dev/fd
swap                 52007464       0 52007464     0%    /tmp
swap                 52007520      56 52007464     1%    /var/run
testz1               104251392      25 99863975     1%    /testa
testz2               104251392      26 99863897     1%    /testb
testz1/data          25165824 4387236 20778587    18%    /testa/data
testz2/data          25165824 4387339 20778485    18%    /testb/data

Now swap and delete them.

Move testa to the side, just in case.
nj11mhf0016$ zfs list
NAME          USED  AVAIL  REFER  MOUNTPOINT
testz1       4.18G  95.2G  25.5K  /testa
testz1/data  4.18G  19.8G  4.18G  /testa/data
testz2       4.18G  95.2G  26.5K  /testb
testz2/data  4.18G  19.8G  4.18G  /testb/data
nj11mhf0016$ sudo mkdir /move
nj11mhf0016$ sudo zfs set mountpoint=/move testz1

nj11mhf0016$ df -k
Filesystem            kbytes    used   avail capacity  Mounted on
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0    108126717 6000550 101044900     6%    /
/devices                   0       0       0     0%    /devices
ctfs                       0       0       0     0%    /system/contract
proc                       0       0       0     0%    /proc
mnttab                     0       0       0     0%    /etc/mnttab
swap                 52004096    1024 52003072     1%    /etc/svc/volatile
objfs                      0       0       0     0%    /system/object
fd                         0       0       0     0%    /dev/fd
swap                 52003072       0 52003072     0%    /tmp
swap                 52003128      56 52003072     1%    /var/run
testz2               104251392      26 99863897     1%    /testb
testz2/data          25165824 4387339 20778485    18%    /testb/data
testz1               104251392      25 99863571     1%    /move
testz1/data          25165824 4387627 20778197    18%    /move/data

Move new files onto the old mount.
nj11mhf0016$ sudo zfs set mountpoint=/testa testz2

nj11mhf0016$ df -k
Filesystem            kbytes    used   avail capacity  Mounted on
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0    108126717 6000558 101044892     6%    /
/devices                   0       0       0     0%    /devices
ctfs                       0       0       0     0%    /system/contract
proc                       0       0       0     0%    /proc
mnttab                     0       0       0     0%    /etc/mnttab
swap                 51995568    1024 51994544     1%    /etc/svc/volatile
objfs                      0       0       0     0%    /system/object
fd                         0       0       0     0%    /dev/fd
swap                 51994544       0 51994544     0%    /tmp
swap                 51994600      56 51994544     1%    /var/run
testz1               104251392      25 99863571     1%    /move
testz1/data          25165824 4387627 20778197    18%    /move/data
testz2               104251392      26 99863838     1%    /testa
testz2/data          25165824 4387339 20778485    18%    /testa/data

# Verify that everything is ok and the same.

# Remove the move pool.
nj11mhf0016$ sudo zfs destroy -r testz1
nj11mhf0016$ sudo zpool destroy testz1

nj11mhf0016$ df -k
Filesystem            kbytes    used   avail capacity  Mounted on
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0    108126717 6000557 101044893     6%    /
/devices                   0       0       0     0%    /devices
ctfs                       0       0       0     0%    /system/contract
proc                       0       0       0     0%    /proc
mnttab                     0       0       0     0%    /etc/mnttab
swap                 51977088    1024 51976064     1%    /etc/svc/volatile
objfs                      0       0       0     0%    /system/object
fd                         0       0       0     0%    /dev/fd
swap                 51976064       0 51976064     0%    /tmp
swap                 51976120      56 51976064     1%    /var/run
testz2               104251392      26 99863838     1%    /testa
testz2/data          25165824 4387339 20778485    18%    /testa/data